2012-10-21 01:14:50 +00:00
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<!doctype html>
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2016-03-20 17:50:14 +00:00
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<html>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<title>Renode: Easy CI for your Weird Hardware</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reset.css">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="dist/reveal.css">
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</head>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<!--
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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* Emulators are useful tools
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- PC emulator (e.g. Docker on Mac, WSL on Linux)
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- NES emulator -- fun and games, realtime output
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- Also have debugging emulators
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- Renode
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* Renode Stack
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- CPU cores written in C
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- arm, i386, ppc, riscv, sparc, xtensa
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- Windows, Mac, Linux
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- Peripherals and UI written in C#
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- Extensible via Python and C#
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- Write once. Run anywhere. Using C# to define new peripherals
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* Three major users
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- Designers of new boards
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- Reverse engineering exsisting hardware
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- Silicon designers
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* Designers of new boards
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- One or more chips
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- How are they connected?
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- What weird hardware exists?
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* Concurrent emulation of multiple devices
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- Can connect multiple devices, e.g. via UART, GPIO, SPI, Ethernet, CAN...
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- All devices are emulated using the same time source
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- Helps to debug timing differences with different processors on a board
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* Board definition format
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- Easily define memory layout
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- Easily move blocks around
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- Only define what's necessary
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- You don't need to be perfect, just good enough!
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* Can read SVD files
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* Hardware has Similarities
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- Picture of existing register sets
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- There are only so many combinations
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- Rip. Mix. Burn. Many chips are just copies of one another.
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* Tests in CI
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* Reverse engineering existing hardware
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* If it's a supported architecture, it's easy to run code
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* LoadBinary and set PC
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* Can skip much of the boot ROM
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* Attach GDB
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* Reproducible makes it easy to test theories
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* Developing new Silicon blocks
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* Betrusted hardware
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- Create a new design in LiteX / Verilog
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- Document the design
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- Create a model
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- Timing isn't as critical
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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-->
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<body>
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<div class="reveal">
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<div class="slides">
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2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>Renode</h2>
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<p>I find it a useful tool. Maybe you will, too!
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>About Me: I Do Weird Hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Simmel: Contact Tracing with Audio</li>
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<li>Chibitronics: Programming Stickers with Audio</li>
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<li>Novena: Open Source Laptop</li>
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<li>Senoko: Open Source Power Board for Novena</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>About Renode</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Whole-System Emulator</li>
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<li>Supports concurrent emulation</li>
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<li>Extensible with C# and Python</li>
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<li>MIT Licensed</li>
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<li>Windows, Mac, Linux</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>About This Talk</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Overview of Emulators</li>
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<li>Oevrview of Weird Hardware</li>
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<li>Cool things you can do</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Who will find this interesting?</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Creators: Those making new boards or hardware</li>
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<li>Integrators: Running CI on firmware files</li>
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<li>Reverse Engineers: Understanding new hardware and firmware</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Creators: Making New Things!</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Reusing an existing platform</li>
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<li>Reusing an existing microcontroller</li>
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<li>New microcontroller fron existing family</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Integrators: Making Sure Nothing Broke!</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Hardware testing incompatible with cloud</li>
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<ul>
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<li>...it sure is effective, though</li>
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</ul>
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<li>Hardware crunch makes it difficult to get hardware</li>
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<li>Downloading software is much cheaper than shipping</li>
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<li>Can run tests on every code push</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Reverse Engineers: What Is This Blob Doing?</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Staring at code flow is enlightening, but time-consuming</li>
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<li>What is it doing and how does it get there?</li>
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<li>How can we make it do $x?</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>What is an Emulator?</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Console</li>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<li>Desktop</li>
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<li>CPU</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<h2>Whole-System Emulator</h2>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<ul>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<li>Wii Virtual Console</li>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<li>VirtualBox</li>
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<li>Parallels</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<h2>Transparent Emulator</h2>
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<ul>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<li>HyperV</li>
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<li>WSL2/Docker</li>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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<li>qemu on Linux</li>
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<li>Rosetta on Mac</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<h2>Debugger/Emulator</h2>
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<ul>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<li>FCEUX (Nintendo Entertainment System)</li>
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<li>Dolphin (Wii / Gamecube)</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Renode Is All of These</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Console: Able to present an interactive environment</li>
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<li>Transparent: Can run in CI via Robot commands</li>
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<li>Debugger: Has a GDB server built in</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>What is a Computer?</h2>
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</section>
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</section>
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2022-03-28 14:34:23 +00:00
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>Example of Weird Hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>NRF52840</li>
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<li>LM74 Temperature Sensor</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Example of Weird Hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>NRF52833</li>
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<li>LM74 Temperature Sensor</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Example of Weird Hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>BlueNRG1</li>
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<li>LM74 Temperature Sensor</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Example of Weird Hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>RISC-V</li>
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<li>FPGA-based framebuffer</li>
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<li>Initial graphical demo in 1 hour</li>
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2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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2022-03-29 08:15:55 +00:00
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>What makes hardware "Weird"?</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Unusual CPU architecture</li>
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<li>Different model of chip than commonly found</li>
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<li>Additional hardware</li>
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<li>More CPUs per board</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Unusual CPU architecture</h2>
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Sorry, can't help
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Different model CPU</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Maybe it's just a variant</li>
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<li>Perhaps memory regions were shuffled</li>
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<li>Does it use the same hardware block as someone else?</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>New hardware version</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Do you use the new, specialized features?</li>
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<li>Lots of UARTs support Infrared. Do you need that?</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Completely new hardware</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Time to break out C#</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>What is "Firmware"?</h2>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>How does this interact with $VENDOR_TOOL?</h2>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>What about boot ROMs?</h2>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>What about missing registers?</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Very few projects use built-in blocks</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
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<section>
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<h2>It's All About Small Victories</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Serial ports are super rewarding</li>
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<li>They're also usually simple!</li>
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<li>They are easy to script</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Steps to Set Up a Serial Port</h2>
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<ol>
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<li class="fragment semi-fade-out" data-fragment-index="1">Enable peripheral</li>
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<li class="fragment semi-fade-out" data-fragment-index="1">Set up clock</li>
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<li class="fragment semi-fade-out" data-fragment-index="1">Mux GPIOs</li>
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<li class="fragment semi-fade-out" data-fragment-index="1">Calculate baud rate</li>
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<li>Write to UART TX register</li>
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</ol>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Steps to Set Up a Serial Port</h2>
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<img src="media/renode-xous-kernel-uart.png">
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</section>
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<section data-transition="fade-out">
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<h2>Advantages of Emulation</h2>
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<img src="media/betrusted-soc-uart-mux.png">
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</section>
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<section data-transition="fade-in">
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<h2>Advantages of Emulation</h2>
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<img src="media/renode-xous-double-uart-tiled.png">
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Steps to Set Up a Serial Port</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Interrupt Support</li>
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<li>DMA</li>
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</ul>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Example Serial Port</h2>
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<pre><code class="cs" data-trim>
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{(long)Registers.RxTx, new DoubleWordRegister(this)
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.WithValueField(0, 8,
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writeCallback: (_, value) => {
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this.TransmitCharacter((byte)value);
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},
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valueProviderCallback: _ => {
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if(!TryGetCharacter(out var character))
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{
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this.Log(LogLevel.Warning, "Empty Rx FIFO.");
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}
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return character;
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})
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},
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Robot Framework: Running Tests in CI</h2>
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<pre><code class="hljs" data-trim>
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*** Test Cases ***
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Should Read Acceleration
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Create Machine
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Create Terminal Tester ${UART}
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Execute Command sysbus.twi1.lis2ds12 AccelerationX 10
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Execute Command sysbus.twi1.lis2ds12 AccelerationY 5
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Execute Command sysbus.twi1.lis2ds12 AccelerationZ -5
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Start Emulation
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Wait For Line On Uart x 9.997213 , y 4.997410 , z -4.999803
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</code></pre>
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</section>
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2022-03-29 08:15:55 +00:00
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</section>
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<section>
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<section>
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<h2>SVD Files</h2>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2>Logging Memory Accesses</h2>
|
|
|
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</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
|
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<h2>Debugging with GDB</h2>
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|
|
|
</section>
|
2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Software Assumes Hardware Works</h2>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
<li>Rarely checks for sane ranges (why would you?)</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>TOC-TOU</li>
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|
|
|
</ul>
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|
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|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
|
|
<h2>Incremental Changes</h2>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
<li>Small changes are very rewrding</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Device will work with only partial implementation</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
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|
|
|
</section>
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2022-03-29 08:15:55 +00:00
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|
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</section>
|
2021-11-11 14:13:31 +00:00
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|
|
</div>
|
2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
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|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script src="dist/reveal.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script src="plugin/notes/notes.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script src="plugin/zoom/zoom.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script src="plugin/markdown/markdown.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script src="plugin/highlight/highlight.js"></script>
|
2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/robot.js"></script>
|
2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
|
|
/** This used to be a part of Reveal.js, but was removed at some point */
|
|
|
|
function getQueryHash() {
|
|
|
|
function deserialize(value) {
|
|
|
|
if (typeof value === 'string') {
|
|
|
|
if (value === 'null') return null;
|
|
|
|
else if (value === 'true') return true;
|
|
|
|
else if (value === 'false') return false;
|
|
|
|
else if (value.match(/^-?[\d\.]+$/)) return parseFloat(value);
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return value;
|
|
|
|
}
|
2012-03-24 16:48:16 +00:00
|
|
|
|
2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
|
|
|
let query = {};
|
|
|
|
location.search.replace(/[A-Z0-9]+?=([\w\.%-]*)/gi, a => {
|
|
|
|
query[a.split('=').shift()] = a.split('=').pop();
|
2012-08-12 00:25:55 +00:00
|
|
|
});
|
2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
|
|
|
// Basic deserialization
|
|
|
|
for (let i in query) {
|
|
|
|
let value = query[i];
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
query[i] = deserialize(unescape(value));
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Do not accept new dependencies via query config to avoid
|
|
|
|
// the potential of malicious script injection
|
|
|
|
if (typeof query['dependencies'] !== 'undefined') delete query['dependencies'];
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return query;
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
var presenter = !!getQueryHash().s;
|
|
|
|
// More info about initialization & config:
|
|
|
|
// - https://revealjs.com/initialization/
|
|
|
|
// - https://revealjs.com/config/
|
|
|
|
Reveal.initialize({
|
|
|
|
hash: true,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
controls: presenter ? false : true,
|
|
|
|
progress: true,
|
|
|
|
history: true,
|
|
|
|
center: true,
|
|
|
|
controlsTutorial: presenter ? false : true,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
slideNumber: presenter ? null : 'c/t',
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// The "normal" size of the presentation, aspect ratio will be preserved
|
|
|
|
// when the presentation is scaled to fit different resolutions. Can be
|
|
|
|
// specified using percentage units.
|
|
|
|
width: 960,
|
|
|
|
height: 700,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Factor of the display size that should remain empty around the content
|
|
|
|
margin: 0.1,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
multiplex: {
|
|
|
|
// Example values. To generate your own, see the socket.io server instructions.
|
|
|
|
secret: getQueryHash().s || null,
|
|
|
|
id: '160c0567ef5ca18f',
|
|
|
|
url: 'https://p.xobs.io/'
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Bounds for smallest/largest possible scale to apply to content
|
|
|
|
minScale: 0.02,
|
|
|
|
maxScale: 5.5,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
transition: 'slide', // none/fade/slide/convex/concave/zoom
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
|
|
|
highlight: {
|
|
|
|
beforeHighlight: hljs => hljs.registerLanguage('robot', window.hljsDefineRobot)
|
|
|
|
},
|
|
|
|
|
2022-03-28 10:26:49 +00:00
|
|
|
// Don't forget to add the dependencies
|
|
|
|
dependencies: [
|
|
|
|
{ src: 'https://reveal-multiplex.glitch.me/socket.io/socket.io.js', async: true },
|
|
|
|
{ src: 'https://reveal-multiplex.glitch.me/client.js', async: true }
|
|
|
|
],
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Learn about plugins: https://revealjs.com/plugins/
|
|
|
|
plugins: [RevealMarkdown, RevealHighlight, RevealZoom]
|
|
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
|
|
|
2022-04-01 04:18:51 +00:00
|
|
|
</html>
|