almost got out-of-memory test working

Signed-off-by: Sean Cross <sean@xobs.io>

Cargo.lock

@@ -13,6 +13,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "scroll",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "jurubas"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "goblin",
+ "riscv-cpu",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "log"
 version = "0.4.20"
@@ -47,14 +55,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "riscv-cpu"
 version = "0.1.0"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rouns"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "goblin",
- "riscv-cpu",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "scroll"
 version = "0.11.0"

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 workspace = { members = ["crates/riscv-cpu"] }
 
 [package]
-name = "rouns"
+name = "jurubas"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2021"
 
-# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
-
 [dependencies]
 riscv-cpu = { path = "crates/riscv-cpu" }
 goblin = { version = "0.7.1", features = [ "std", "elf32", "alloc" ]}

crates/riscv-cpu/src/cpu.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use std::sync::{mpsc::Receiver, Arc, RwLock};
+use std::sync::{mpsc::Receiver, Arc, Mutex};
 
 pub use super::mmu::Memory;
 use super::mmu::{AddressingMode, Mmu};
@@ -54,10 +54,12 @@ pub const MIP_SEIP: u64 = 0x200;
 const MIP_STIP: u64 = 0x020;
 const MIP_SSIP: u64 = 0x002;
 
+pub type ResponseData = ([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>);
+
 pub enum TickResult {
     Ok,
     ExitThread(u64),
-    PauseEmulation(Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    PauseEmulation(Receiver<ResponseData>),
     CpuTrap(Trap),
 }
 
@@ -74,9 +76,8 @@ pub struct Cpu {
     pc: u64,
     csr: [u64; CSR_CAPACITY],
     mmu: Mmu,
-    memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
+    memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
-    reservation: u64, // @TODO: Should support multiple address reservations
+    reservation: Option<u64>, // @TODO: Should support multiple address reservations
-    is_reservation_set: bool,
     _dump_flag: bool,
     // decode_cache: DecodeCache,
     unsigned_data_mask: u64,
@@ -127,7 +128,7 @@ pub enum TrapType {
     UserExternalInterrupt,
     SupervisorExternalInterrupt,
     MachineExternalInterrupt,
-    PauseEmulation(std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    PauseEmulation(Receiver<ResponseData>),
 }
 
 fn _get_privilege_mode_name(mode: &PrivilegeMode) -> &'static str {
@@ -225,11 +226,11 @@ pub struct CpuBuilder {
     xlen: Xlen,
     pc: u64,
     sp: u64,
-    memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
+    memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
 }
 
 impl CpuBuilder {
-    pub fn new(memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
         CpuBuilder {
             xlen: Xlen::Bit64,
             memory,
@@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ impl Cpu {
     ///
     /// # Arguments
     /// * `Terminal`
-    pub fn new(memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
         Cpu {
             clock: 0,
             xlen: Xlen::Bit64,
@@ -277,8 +278,7 @@ impl Cpu {
             pc: 0,
             csr: [0; CSR_CAPACITY],
             mmu: Mmu::new(Xlen::Bit64, memory.clone()),
-            reservation: 0,
+            reservation: None,
-            is_reservation_set: false,
             _dump_flag: false,
             // decode_cache: DecodeCache::new(),
             unsigned_data_mask: 0xffffffffffffffff,
@@ -563,11 +563,6 @@ impl Cpu {
         }
     }
 
-    fn handle_exception(&mut self, exception: Trap, instruction_address: u64) {
-        println!("!!! Exception Trap !!!: {:x?}", exception);
-        self.handle_trap(exception, instruction_address, false);
-    }
-
     fn handle_trap(&mut self, trap: Trap, instruction_address: u64, is_interrupt: bool) -> bool {
         let current_privilege_encoding = get_privilege_encoding(&self.privilege_mode) as u64;
         let cause = get_trap_cause(&trap, &self.xlen);
@@ -2448,7 +2443,7 @@ const INSTRUCTIONS: [Instruction; INSTRUCTION_NUM] = [
             for (src, dest) in cpu.x[10..].iter().zip(args.iter_mut()) {
                 *dest = *src;
             }
-            match cpu.memory.write().unwrap().syscall(args) {
+            match cpu.memory.lock().unwrap().syscall(args) {
                 super::mmu::SyscallResult::Ok(result) => {
                     for (src, dest) in result.iter().zip(cpu.x[10..].iter_mut()) {
                         *dest = *src;
@@ -2938,14 +2933,11 @@ const INSTRUCTIONS: [Instruction; INSTRUCTION_NUM] = [
         operation: |cpu, word, _address| {
             let f = parse_format_r(word);
             // @TODO: Implement properly
-            cpu.x[f.rd] = match cpu.mmu.load_doubleword(cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64) {
+            let address = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64;
-                Ok(data) => {
+            cpu.x[f.rd] = cpu.mmu.load_doubleword(address)? as i64;
-                    cpu.is_reservation_set = true;
+            if cpu.mmu.reserve(address) {
-                    cpu.reservation = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64; // Is virtual address ok?
+                cpu.reservation = Some(address);
-                    data as i64
             }
-                Err(e) => return Err(e),
-            };
             Ok(())
         },
         disassemble: dump_format_r,
@@ -2957,14 +2949,11 @@ const INSTRUCTIONS: [Instruction; INSTRUCTION_NUM] = [
         operation: |cpu, word, _address| {
             let f = parse_format_r(word);
             // @TODO: Implement properly
-            cpu.x[f.rd] = match cpu.mmu.load_word(cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64) {
+            let address = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64;
-                Ok(data) => {
+            cpu.x[f.rd] = cpu.mmu.load_word(address)? as i64;
-                    cpu.is_reservation_set = true;
+            if cpu.mmu.reserve(address) {
-                    cpu.reservation = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64; // Is virtual address ok?
+                cpu.reservation = Some(address);
-                    data as i32 as i64
             }
-                Err(e) => return Err(e),
-            };
             Ok(())
         },
         disassemble: dump_format_r,
@@ -3223,19 +3212,14 @@ const INSTRUCTIONS: [Instruction; INSTRUCTION_NUM] = [
         operation: |cpu, word, _address| {
             let f = parse_format_r(word);
             // @TODO: Implement properly
-            cpu.x[f.rd] = match cpu.is_reservation_set && cpu.reservation == (cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64) {
+            let address = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64;
-                true => match cpu
+            if Some(address) == cpu.reservation.take() {
-                    .mmu
+                cpu.mmu.store_doubleword(address, cpu.x[f.rs2] as u64)?;
-                    .store_doubleword(cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64, cpu.x[f.rs2] as u64)
+                cpu.mmu.clear_reservation(address);
-                {
+                cpu.x[f.rd] = 0;
-                    Ok(()) => {
+                return Ok(());
-                        cpu.is_reservation_set = false;
-                        0
             }
-                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+            cpu.x[f.rd] = 1;
-                },
-                false => 1,
-            };
             Ok(())
         },
         disassemble: dump_format_r,
@@ -3247,16 +3231,14 @@ const INSTRUCTIONS: [Instruction; INSTRUCTION_NUM] = [
         operation: |cpu, word, _address| {
             let f = parse_format_r(word);
             // @TODO: Implement properly
-            cpu.x[f.rd] = match cpu.is_reservation_set && cpu.reservation == (cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64) {
+            let address = cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64;
-                true => match cpu.mmu.store_word(cpu.x[f.rs1] as u64, cpu.x[f.rs2] as u32) {
+            if Some(address) == cpu.reservation.take() {
-                    Ok(()) => {
+                cpu.mmu.clear_reservation(address);
-                        cpu.is_reservation_set = false;
+                cpu.mmu.store_word(address, cpu.x[f.rs2] as u32)?;
-                        0
+                cpu.x[f.rd] = 0;
+                return Ok(());
             }
-                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+            cpu.x[f.rd] = 1;
-                },
-                false => 1,
-            };
             Ok(())
         },
         disassemble: dump_format_r,
@@ -4144,77 +4126,3 @@ mod test_cpu {
         assert_eq!(memory_base, cpu.read_pc());
     }
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-
-mod test_decode_cache {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn initialize() {
-        let _cache = DecodeCache::new();
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn insert() {
-        let mut cache = DecodeCache::new();
-        cache.insert(0, 0);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn get() {
-        let mut cache = DecodeCache::new();
-        cache.insert(1, 2);
-
-        // Cache hit test
-        match cache.get(1) {
-            Some(index) => assert_eq!(2, index),
-            None => panic!("Unexpected cache miss"),
-        };
-
-        // Cache miss test
-        match cache.get(2) {
-            Some(_index) => panic!("Unexpected cache hit"),
-            None => {}
-        };
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn lru() {
-        let mut cache = DecodeCache::new();
-        cache.insert(0, 1);
-
-        match cache.get(0) {
-            Some(index) => assert_eq!(1, index),
-            None => panic!("Unexpected cache miss"),
-        };
-
-        for i in 1..DECODE_CACHE_ENTRY_NUM + 1 {
-            cache.insert(i as u32, i + 1);
-        }
-
-        // The oldest entry should have been removed because of the overflow
-        match cache.get(0) {
-            Some(_index) => panic!("Unexpected cache hit"),
-            None => {}
-        };
-
-        // With this .get(), the entry with the word "1" moves to the tail of the list
-        // and the entry with the word "2" becomes the oldest entry.
-        match cache.get(1) {
-            Some(index) => assert_eq!(2, index),
-            None => {}
-        };
-
-        // The oldest entry with the word "2" will be removed due to the overflow
-        cache.insert(
-            DECODE_CACHE_ENTRY_NUM as u32 + 1,
-            DECODE_CACHE_ENTRY_NUM + 2,
-        );
-
-        match cache.get(2) {
-            Some(_index) => panic!("Unexpected cache hit"),
-            None => {}
-        };
-    }
-}

crates/riscv-cpu/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 pub mod cpu;
-pub mod memory;
 pub mod mmu;
 
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub mod memory;
+
 pub use cpu::{Cpu, CpuBuilder, Xlen};

crates/riscv-cpu/src/memory.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 /// Emulates main memory.
-pub struct Memory {
+pub struct Memory {    /// Memory content
-    /// Memory content
     data: Vec<u64>,
 }
 

crates/riscv-cpu/src/mmu.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 use std::{
-    collections::HashMap,
+    sync::mpsc::Receiver,
-    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
 };
 
-use crate::cpu::{decode_privilege_mode, PrivilegeMode, Trap, TrapType, Xlen};
+use crate::cpu::{decode_privilege_mode, PrivilegeMode, ResponseData, Trap, TrapType, Xlen};
 
 pub enum SyscallResult {
     Ok([i64; 8]),
-    Defer(std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    Defer(Receiver<ResponseData>),
 }
 
 impl From<[i64; 8]> for SyscallResult {
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ impl From<[i64; 8]> for SyscallResult {
     }
 }
 
-impl From<std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>> for SyscallResult {
+impl From<std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<ResponseData>> for SyscallResult {
-    fn from(receiver: std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>) -> Self {
+    fn from(receiver: std::sync::mpsc::Receiver<ResponseData>) -> Self {
         SyscallResult::Defer(receiver)
     }
 }
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ pub trait Memory {
     fn write_u64(&mut self, p_address: u64, value: u64);
     fn validate_address(&self, address: u64) -> bool;
     fn syscall(&mut self, args: [i64; 8]) -> SyscallResult;
+    fn translate(&self, v_address: u64) -> Option<u64>;
+    fn reserve(&mut self, p_address: u64) -> bool;
+    fn clear_reservation(&mut self, p_address: u64);
 }
 
 /// Emulates Memory Management Unit. It holds the Main memory and peripheral
@@ -46,29 +49,13 @@ pub struct Mmu {
     ppn: u64,
     addressing_mode: AddressingMode,
     privilege_mode: PrivilegeMode,
-    memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
+    memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>,
 
     // /// The size of main memory (if initialized)
     // memory_length: Option<NonZeroU64>,
     /// Address translation can be affected `mstatus` (MPRV, MPP in machine mode)
     /// then `Mmu` has copy of it.
     mstatus: u64,
-
-    /// Address translation page cache. Experimental feature.
-    /// The cache is cleared when translation mapping can be changed;
-    /// xlen, ppn, privilege_mode, or addressing_mode is updated.
-    /// Precisely it isn't good enough because page table entries
-    /// can be updated anytime with store instructions, of course
-    /// very depending on how pages are mapped tho.
-    /// But observing all page table entries is high cost so
-    /// ignoring so far. Then this cache optimization can cause a bug
-    /// due to unexpected (meaning not in page fault handler)
-    /// page table entry update. So this is experimental feature and
-    /// disabled by default. If you want to enable, use `enable_page_cache()`.
-    page_cache_enabled: bool,
-    fetch_page_cache: HashMap<u64, u64>,
-    load_page_cache: HashMap<u64, u64>,
-    store_page_cache: HashMap<u64, u64>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -100,7 +87,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     ///
     /// # Arguments
     /// * `xlen`
-    pub fn new(xlen: Xlen, memory: Arc<RwLock<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(xlen: Xlen, memory: Arc<Mutex<dyn Memory + Send + Sync>>) -> Self {
         Mmu {
             // clock: 0,
             xlen,
@@ -109,10 +96,6 @@ impl Mmu {
             privilege_mode: PrivilegeMode::Machine,
             memory,
             mstatus: 0,
-            page_cache_enabled: false,
-            fetch_page_cache: HashMap::default(),
-            load_page_cache: HashMap::default(),
-            store_page_cache: HashMap::default(),
         }
     }
 
@@ -122,37 +105,6 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `xlen`
     pub fn update_xlen(&mut self, xlen: Xlen) {
         self.xlen = xlen;
-        self.clear_page_cache();
-    }
-
-    // /// Initializes Main memory. This method is expected to be called only once.
-    // ///
-    // /// # Arguments
-    // /// * `capacity`
-    // pub fn init_memory(&mut self, capacity: u64) {
-    //     assert!(self.memory_length.is_none());
-    //     self.memory_length = Some(NonZeroU64::new(capacity).unwrap());
-    //     self.memory.init(capacity);
-    // }
-
-    // pub fn memory_size(&self) -> u64 {
-    //     self.memory_length.unwrap().get()
-    // }
-
-    /// Enables or disables page cache optimization.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    /// * `enabled`
-    pub fn enable_page_cache(&mut self, enabled: bool) {
-        self.page_cache_enabled = enabled;
-        self.clear_page_cache();
-    }
-
-    /// Clears page cache entries
-    fn clear_page_cache(&mut self) {
-        self.fetch_page_cache.clear();
-        self.load_page_cache.clear();
-        self.store_page_cache.clear();
     }
 
     /// Runs one cycle of MMU and peripheral devices.
@@ -164,7 +116,6 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `new_addressing_mode`
     pub fn update_addressing_mode(&mut self, new_addressing_mode: AddressingMode) {
         self.addressing_mode = new_addressing_mode;
-        self.clear_page_cache();
     }
 
     /// Updates privilege mode
@@ -173,7 +124,6 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `mode`
     pub fn update_privilege_mode(&mut self, mode: PrivilegeMode) {
         self.privilege_mode = mode;
-        self.clear_page_cache();
     }
 
     /// Updates mstatus copy. `CPU` needs to call this method whenever
@@ -191,7 +141,6 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `ppn`
     pub fn update_ppn(&mut self, ppn: u64) {
         self.ppn = ppn;
-        self.clear_page_cache();
     }
 
     fn trim_to_xlen(&self, address: u64) -> u64 {
@@ -426,7 +375,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `p_address` Physical address
     pub(crate) fn load_raw(&self, p_address: u64) -> u8 {
         self.memory
-            .read()
+            .lock() // .read()
             .unwrap()
             .read_u8(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
     }
@@ -438,7 +387,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `p_address` Physical address
     fn load_halfword_raw(&self, p_address: u64) -> u16 {
         self.memory
-            .read()
+            .lock() // .read()
             .unwrap()
             .read_u16(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
     }
@@ -450,7 +399,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `p_address` Physical address
     pub fn load_word_raw(&self, p_address: u64) -> u32 {
         self.memory
-            .read()
+            .lock() // .read()
             .unwrap()
             .read_u32(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
     }
@@ -462,7 +411,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `p_address` Physical address
     fn load_doubleword_raw(&self, p_address: u64) -> u64 {
         self.memory
-            .read()
+            .lock() // .read()
             .unwrap()
             .read_u64(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
     }
@@ -475,7 +424,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `value` data written
     pub(crate) fn store_raw(&self, p_address: u64, value: u8) {
         self.memory
-            .write()
+            .lock() // .write()
             .unwrap()
             .write_u8(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address), value)
     }
@@ -488,7 +437,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `value` data written
     pub(crate) fn store_halfword_raw(&self, p_address: u64, value: u16) {
         self.memory
-            .write()
+            .lock() // .write()
             .unwrap()
             .write_u16(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address), value)
     }
@@ -501,7 +450,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `value` data written
     pub(crate) fn store_word_raw(&self, p_address: u64, value: u32) {
         self.memory
-            .write()
+            .lock() // .write()
             .unwrap()
             .write_u32(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address), value)
     }
@@ -514,7 +463,7 @@ impl Mmu {
     /// * `value` data written
     fn store_doubleword_raw(&self, p_address: u64, value: u64) {
         self.memory
-            .write()
+            .lock() // .write()
             .unwrap()
             .write_u64(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address), value)
     }
@@ -529,14 +478,38 @@ impl Mmu {
             .ok()
             .map(|p_address| {
                 self.memory
-                    .write()
+                    .lock() // .read()
                     .unwrap()
                     .validate_address(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
             })
     }
 
+    pub fn reserve(&mut self, p_address: u64) -> bool {
+        self.memory
+            .lock() // .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .reserve(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
+    }
+
+    pub fn clear_reservation(&mut self, p_address: u64) {
+        self.memory
+            .lock() // .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .clear_reservation(self.trim_to_xlen(p_address))
+    }
+
     fn translate_address(&self, v_address: u64, access_type: &MemoryAccessType) -> Result<u64, ()> {
-        self.translate_address_with_privilege_mode(v_address, access_type, self.privilege_mode)
+        if let AddressingMode::None = self.addressing_mode {
+            Ok(v_address)
+        } else {
+            // self.memory.lock() // .read().unwrap().translate(v_address).ok_or(())
+            let phys = self.translate_address_with_privilege_mode(
+                v_address,
+                access_type,
+                self.privilege_mode,
+            )?;
+            Ok(phys)
+        }
     }
 
     fn translate_address_with_privilege_mode(
@@ -546,18 +519,6 @@ impl Mmu {
         privilege_mode: PrivilegeMode,
     ) -> Result<u64, ()> {
         let address = self.trim_to_xlen(v_address);
-        let v_page = address & !0xfff;
-        if let Some(p_page) = match self.page_cache_enabled {
-            true => match access_type {
-                MemoryAccessType::Execute => self.fetch_page_cache.get(&v_page),
-                MemoryAccessType::Read => self.load_page_cache.get(&v_page),
-                MemoryAccessType::Write => self.store_page_cache.get(&v_page),
-                MemoryAccessType::DontCare => None,
-            },
-            false => None,
-        } {
-            return Ok(p_page | (address & 0xfff));
-        }
 
         match self.addressing_mode {
             AddressingMode::None => Ok(address),
@@ -618,24 +579,6 @@ impl Mmu {
                 panic!("AddressingMode SV48 is not supported yet.");
             }
         }
-
-        // if self.page_cache_enabled {
-        //     match p_address {
-        //         Ok(p_address) => {
-        //             let p_page = p_address & !0xfff;
-        //             match access_type {
-        //                 MemoryAccessType::Execute => self.fetch_page_cache.insert(v_page, p_page),
-        //                 MemoryAccessType::Read => self.load_page_cache.insert(v_page, p_page),
-        //                 MemoryAccessType::Write => self.store_page_cache.insert(v_page, p_page),
-        //                 MemoryAccessType::DontCare => None,
-        //             };
-        //             Ok(p_address)
-        //         }
-        //         Err(()) => Err(()),
-        //     }
-        // } else {
-        // p_address
-        // }
     }
 
     fn traverse_page(
@@ -766,99 +709,3 @@ impl Mmu {
         Ok(p_address)
     }
 }
-
-// pub struct MemoryWrapper {
-//     memory: Memory,
-//     dram_base: u64,
-// }
-
-// impl MemoryWrapper {
-//     fn new(dram_base: u64) -> Self {
-//         MemoryWrapper {
-//             memory: Memory::new(),
-//             dram_base,
-//         }
-//     }
-
-//     fn init(&mut self, capacity: u64) {
-//         self.memory.init(capacity);
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn read_byte(&self, p_address: u64) -> u8 {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.read_byte(p_address - self.dram_base)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn read_halfword(&self, p_address: u64) -> u16 {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(1) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.read_halfword(p_address - self.dram_base)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn read_word(&self, p_address: u64) -> u32 {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(3) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.read_word(p_address - self.dram_base)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn read_doubleword(&self, p_address: u64) -> u64 {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(7) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.read_doubleword(p_address - self.dram_base)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn write_byte(&mut self, p_address: u64, value: u8) {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.write_byte(p_address - self.dram_base, value)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn write_halfword(&mut self, p_address: u64, value: u16) {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(1) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory
-//             .write_halfword(p_address - self.dram_base, value)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn write_word(&mut self, p_address: u64, value: u32) {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(3) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory.write_word(p_address - self.dram_base, value)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn write_doubleword(&mut self, p_address: u64, value: u64) {
-//         debug_assert!(
-//             p_address >= self.dram_base && p_address.wrapping_add(7) >= self.dram_base,
-//             "Memory address must equals to or bigger than self.dram_base. {:X}",
-//             p_address
-//         );
-//         self.memory
-//             .write_doubleword(p_address - self.dram_base, value)
-//     }
-
-//     pub fn validate_address(&self, address: u64) -> bool {
-//         self.memory.validate_address(address - self.dram_base)
-//     }
-// }

src/xous.rs

@@ -8,11 +8,17 @@ use std::{
     sync::{
         atomic::{AtomicI64, Ordering},
         mpsc::{Receiver, Sender},
-        Arc, RwLock,
+        Arc, Mutex,
     },
 };
 
+use crate::xous::definitions::SyscallErrorNumber;
+
 const MEMORY_BASE: u32 = 0x8000_0000;
+const ALLOCATION_START: u32 = 0x4000_0000;
+const ALLOCATION_END: u32 = ALLOCATION_START + 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+const HEAP_START: u32 = 0xa000_0000;
+const HEAP_END: u32 = HEAP_START + 5 * 1024 * 1024;
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum LoadError {
@@ -45,6 +51,7 @@ const MMUFLAG_ACCESSED: u32 = 0x40;
 const MMUFLAG_DIRTY: u32 = 0x80;
 
 impl std::error::Error for LoadError {}
+pub type ResponseData = ([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>);
 
 enum MemoryCommand {
     Exit,
@@ -59,30 +66,14 @@ enum MemoryCommand {
         u32,         /* argument 4 */
         Sender<i64>, /* Thread ID */
     ),
-    JoinThread(u32, Sender<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    JoinThread(u32, Sender<ResponseData>),
-}
-
-struct Memory {
-    base: u32,
-    data: HashMap<usize, [u8; 4096]>,
-    allocated_pages: BTreeSet<usize>,
-    free_pages: BTreeSet<usize>,
-    heap_start: u32,
-    heap_size: u32,
-    // allocation_start: u32,
-    allocation_previous: u32,
-    l1_pt: u32,
-    satp: u32,
-    connections: HashMap<u32, Box<dyn services::Service + Send + Sync>>,
-    memory_cmd: Sender<MemoryCommand>,
-    turbo: bool,
 }
 
 struct Worker {
     cpu: riscv_cpu::Cpu,
     cmd: Sender<MemoryCommand>,
     tid: i64,
-    memory: Arc<RwLock<Memory>>,
+    memory: Arc<Mutex<Memory>>,
 }
 
 impl Worker {
@@ -90,7 +81,7 @@ impl Worker {
         cpu: riscv_cpu::Cpu,
         cmd: Sender<MemoryCommand>,
         tid: i64,
-        memory: Arc<RwLock<Memory>>,
+        memory: Arc<Mutex<Memory>>,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             cpu,
@@ -126,7 +117,7 @@ impl Worker {
                     return;
                 }
                 TickResult::CpuTrap(trap) => {
-                    self.memory.read().unwrap().print_mmu();
+                    self.memory.lock().unwrap().print_mmu();
                     // called `Result::unwrap()` on an `Err` value: "Valid bit is 0, or read is 0 and write is 1 at 40002fec: 000802e6"
                     println!(
                         "CPU trap at PC {:08x}, exiting thread {}: {:x?}",
@@ -149,18 +140,39 @@ struct WorkerHandle {
     joiner: std::thread::JoinHandle<()>,
 }
 
+struct Memory {
+    base: u32,
+    data: HashMap<usize, [u8; 4096]>,
+    allocated_pages: BTreeSet<usize>,
+    free_pages: BTreeSet<usize>,
+    heap_start: u32,
+    heap_size: u32,
+    // allocation_start: u32,
+    allocation_previous: u32,
+    l1_pt: u32,
+    satp: u32,
+    connections: HashMap<u32, Box<dyn services::Service + Send + Sync>>,
+    memory_cmd: Sender<MemoryCommand>,
+    translation_cache: HashMap<u32, u32>,
+    allocated_bytes: u32,
+    reservations: HashSet<u32>,
+}
+
 impl Memory {
     pub fn new(base: u32, size: usize) -> (Self, Receiver<MemoryCommand>) {
         let mut backing = HashMap::new();
         let mut free_pages = BTreeSet::new();
         let mut allocated_pages = BTreeSet::new();
+
+        // Populate the backing table as well as the list of free pages
         for phys in (base..(base + size as u32)).step_by(4096) {
             backing.insert(phys as usize, [0; 4096]);
             free_pages.insert(phys as usize);
         }
-        // Remove the l0 page table
+        // Allocate the l0 page table
         assert!(free_pages.remove(&(MEMORY_BASE as usize + 4096)));
         assert!(allocated_pages.insert(MEMORY_BASE as usize + 4096));
+
         let (memory_cmd, memory_cmd_rx) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
         (
             Self {
@@ -170,27 +182,20 @@ impl Memory {
                 free_pages,
                 l1_pt: MEMORY_BASE + 4096,
                 satp: ((4096 + MEMORY_BASE) >> 12) | 0x8000_0000,
-                heap_start: 0x6000_0000,
+                heap_start: HEAP_START,
                 heap_size: 0,
-                allocation_previous: 0x4000_0000,
+                allocation_previous: ALLOCATION_START,
                 connections: HashMap::new(),
                 memory_cmd,
-                turbo: false,
+                translation_cache: HashMap::new(),
+                allocated_bytes: 4096,
+                reservations: HashSet::new(),
             },
             memory_cmd_rx,
         )
     }
 
-    pub fn turbo(&mut self) {
+    // fn memory_ck(&self) {
-        self.turbo = true;
-    }
-
-    pub fn normal(&mut self) {
-        self.turbo = false;
-        self.memory_ck();
-    }
-
-    fn memory_ck(&self) {
     //     if self.turbo {
     //         return;
     //     }
@@ -221,28 +226,37 @@ impl Memory {
     //             seen_pages.insert(phys, current);
     //         }
     //     }
-    }
+    // }
 
-    fn allocate_page(&mut self) -> u32 {
+    /// Allocate a physical page from RAM.
-        self.memory_ck();
+    fn allocate_phys_page(&mut self) -> Option<u32> {
-        let phys = self.free_pages.pop_first().expect("out of memory");
+        let Some(phys) = self.free_pages.pop_first() else {
+            // panic!(
+            //     "out of memory when attempting to allocate a page. There are {} bytes allocated.",
+            //     self.allocated_bytes
+            // );
+            return None;
+        };
         assert!(self.allocated_pages.insert(phys));
+        self.allocated_bytes += 4096;
 
         // The root (l1) pagetable is defined to be mapped into our virtual
         // address space at this address.
         if phys == 0 {
             panic!("Attempt to allocate zero page");
         }
-        self.memory_ck();
+        Some(phys as u32)
-        phys as u32
     }
 
-    fn free_page(&mut self, virt: u32) -> Result<(), ()> {
+    fn free_virt_page(&mut self, virt: u32) -> Result<(), ()> {
-        self.memory_ck();
+        let phys = self
-        let phys = self.virt_to_phys(virt).ok_or(())?;
+            .virt_to_phys(virt)
+            .ok_or(())
+            .expect("tried to free a page that was allocated");
 
         let vpn1 = ((virt >> 22) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
         let vpn0 = ((virt >> 12) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
+        self.allocated_bytes -= 4096;
 
         // The root (l1) pagetable is defined to be mapped into our virtual
         // address space at this address.
@@ -250,68 +264,123 @@ impl Memory {
         // If the level 1 pagetable doesn't exist, then this address is invalid
         let l1_pt_entry = self.read_u32(self.l1_pt as u64 + vpn1 as u64);
         if l1_pt_entry & MMUFLAG_VALID == 0 {
-            return Ok(());
+            panic!("Tried to free a page where the level 1 pagetable didn't exist");
         }
 
-        // println!("Deallocating page {:08x} @ {:08x}", virt, phys);
+        assert!(self.allocated_pages.remove(&(phys as usize)));
-        if !self.allocated_pages.remove(&(phys as usize)) {
-            // self.print_mmu();
-            panic!(
-                "Page {:08x} @ {:08x} wasn't in the list of allocated pages!",
-                phys, virt
-            );
-        }
         assert!(self.free_pages.insert(phys as usize));
+        assert!(self.translation_cache.remove(&virt).is_some());
 
         let l0_pt_phys = ((l1_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) + vpn0 as u32;
+        assert!(self.read_u32(l0_pt_phys as u64) & MMUFLAG_VALID != 0);
         self.write_u32(l0_pt_phys as u64, 0);
-        self.memory_ck();
 
         Ok(())
     }
 
     fn allocate_virt_region(&mut self, size: usize) -> Option<u32> {
-        self.memory_ck();
+        let size = size as u32;
-        let mut start = self.allocation_previous;
+        // Look for a sequence of `size` pages that are free.
-        // Find a free region that will fit this page.
+        let mut address = None;
-        'outer: loop {
+        for potential_start in (self.allocation_previous..ALLOCATION_END - size)
-            for page in (start..(start + size as u32)).step_by(4096) {
+            .step_by(4096)
-                if self.virt_to_phys(page).is_some() {
+            .chain((ALLOCATION_START..self.allocation_previous - size).step_by(4096))
-                    start = page + 4096;
+        {
-                    continue 'outer;
+            let mut all_free = true;
-                }
+            for check_page in (potential_start..potential_start + size).step_by(4096) {
-            }
+                if self.virt_to_phys(check_page).is_some() {
+                    all_free = false;
                     break;
                 }
-        // Allocate the region
-        for page in (start..(start + size as u32)).step_by(4096) {
-            self.ensure_page(page);
-            // println!(
-            //     "Allocated {:08x} @ {:08x}",
-            //     page,
-            //     self.virt_to_phys(page).unwrap()
-            // );
             }
-        self.allocation_previous = start + size as u32 + 4096;
+            if all_free {
-        self.memory_ck();
+                self.allocation_previous = potential_start + size;
-        Some(start)
+                address = Some(potential_start);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some(address) = address {
+            let mut error_mark = None;
+            for page in (address..(address + size)).step_by(4096) {
+                if self.ensure_page(page).is_none() {
+                    error_mark = Some(page);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(error_mark) = error_mark {
+                for page in (address..error_mark).step_by(4096) {
+                    self.free_virt_page(page).unwrap();
+                }
+                return None;
+            }
+        }
+        address
+        // for potential_start in (start..initial).step_by(PAGE_SIZE) {
+        //     let mut all_free = true;
+        //     for check_page in (potential_start..potential_start + size).step_by(PAGE_SIZE) {
+        //         if !crate::arch::mem::address_available(check_page) {
+        //             all_free = false;
+        //             break;
+        //         }
+        //     }
+        //     if all_free {
+        //         match kind {
+        //             xous_kernel::MemoryType::Default => {
+        //                 process_inner.mem_default_last = potential_start
+        //             }
+        //             xous_kernel::MemoryType::Messages => {
+        //                 process_inner.mem_message_last = potential_start
+        //             }
+        //             other => panic!("invalid kind: {:?}", other),
+        //         }
+        //         return Ok(potential_start as *mut u8);
+        //     }
+        // }
+        // Err(xous_kernel::Error::BadAddress)
+
+        // let mut start = self.allocation_previous;
+        // // Find a free region that will fit this page.
+        // 'outer: loop {
+        //     for page in (start..(start + size as u32)).step_by(4096) {
+        //         // If this page is allocated, skip it
+        //         if self.virt_to_phys(page).is_some() {
+        //             start = page + 4096;
+        //             continue 'outer;
+        //         }
+        //     }
+        //     break;
+        // }
+        // // Allocate the region
+        // for page in (start..(start + size as u32)).step_by(4096) {
+        //     self.ensure_page(page);
+        //     // println!(
+        //     //     "Allocated {:08x} @ {:08x}",
+        //     //     page,
+        //     //     self.virt_to_phys(page).unwrap()
+        //     // );
+        // }
+        // self.allocation_previous = start + size as u32 + 4096;
+        // Some(start)
     }
 
-    fn ensure_page(&mut self, address: u32) {
+    fn ensure_page(&mut self, virt: u32) -> Option<bool> {
-        self.memory_ck();
+        let mut allocated = false;
-        let vpn1 = ((address >> 22) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
+        let vpn1 = ((virt >> 22) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
-        let vpn0 = ((address >> 12) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
+        let vpn0 = ((virt >> 12) & ((1 << 10) - 1)) as usize * 4;
 
         // If the level 1 pagetable doesn't exist, then this address is invalid
         let mut l1_pt_entry = self.read_u32(self.l1_pt as u64 + vpn1 as u64);
         if l1_pt_entry & MMUFLAG_VALID == 0 {
             // Allocate a new page for the level 1 pagetable
-            let l0_pt_phys = self.allocate_page();
+            let Some(l0_pt_phys) = self.allocate_phys_page() else {
+                return None;
+            };
             // println!("Allocating level 0 pagetable at {:08x}", l0_pt_phys);
             l1_pt_entry =
                 ((l0_pt_phys >> 12) << 10) | MMUFLAG_VALID | MMUFLAG_DIRTY | MMUFLAG_ACCESSED;
             // Map the level 1 pagetable into the root pagetable
             self.write_u32(self.l1_pt as u64 + vpn1 as u64, l1_pt_entry);
+            allocated = true;
         }
 
         let l0_pt_phys = ((l1_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) + vpn0 as u32;
@@ -319,8 +388,10 @@ impl Memory {
 
         // Ensure the entry hasn't already been mapped.
         if l0_pt_entry & MMUFLAG_VALID == 0 {
-            let page_phys = self.allocate_page();
+            let Some(phys) = self.allocate_phys_page() else {
-            l0_pt_entry = ((page_phys >> 12) << 10)
+                return None;
+            };
+            l0_pt_entry = ((phys >> 12) << 10)
                 | MMUFLAG_VALID
                 | MMUFLAG_WRITABLE
                 | MMUFLAG_READABLE
@@ -330,6 +401,8 @@ impl Memory {
                 | MMUFLAG_ACCESSED;
             // Map the level 0 pagetable into the level 1 pagetable
             self.write_u32(l0_pt_phys as u64, l0_pt_entry);
+            assert!(self.translation_cache.insert(virt, phys).is_none());
+            allocated = true;
         }
         assert!(self
             .allocated_pages
@@ -337,11 +410,10 @@ impl Memory {
         assert!(!self
             .free_pages
             .contains(&(((l0_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) as usize)));
-        self.memory_ck();
+        Some(allocated)
     }
 
     fn remove_memory_flags(&mut self, virt: u32, new_flags: u32) {
-        self.memory_ck();
         // Ensure they're only adjusting legal flags
         assert!(new_flags & !(MMUFLAG_READABLE | MMUFLAG_WRITABLE | MMUFLAG_EXECUTABLE) == 0);
 
@@ -376,7 +448,6 @@ impl Memory {
             (((l1_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) + vpn0 as u32) as u64,
             l0_pt_entry,
         );
-        self.memory_ck();
     }
 
     fn write_bytes(&mut self, data: &[u8], start: u32) {
@@ -444,12 +515,13 @@ impl Memory {
 
         let l0_pt_entry = self.read_u32((((l1_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) + vpn0 as u32) as u64);
 
-        // Ensure the entry hasn't already been mapped.
+        // Check if the mapping is valid
         if l0_pt_entry & MMUFLAG_VALID == 0 {
-            return None;
+            None
-        }
+        } else {
             Some(((l0_pt_entry >> 10) << 12) | offset)
         }
+    }
 }
 
 impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
@@ -565,22 +637,26 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
         match syscall {
             Syscall::IncreaseHeap(bytes, _flags) => {
                 // println!("IncreaseHeap({} bytes, flags: {:02x})", bytes, _flags);
+                let increase_bytes = bytes as u32;
                 let heap_address = self.heap_start + self.heap_size;
-                match bytes {
+                if self.heap_size.wrapping_add(increase_bytes) > HEAP_END {
-                    bytes if bytes < 0 => {
+                    [
-                        self.heap_size -= bytes.unsigned_abs() as u32;
+                        SyscallResultNumber::Error as i64,
-                        panic!("Reducing size not supported!");
+                        SyscallErrorNumber::OutOfMemory as i64,
-                    }
+                        0,
-                    bytes if bytes > 0 => {
+                        0,
-                        for new_address in
+                        0,
-                            (heap_address..(heap_address + bytes as u32)).step_by(4096)
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ]
+                    .into()
+                } else {
+                    for new_address in (heap_address..(heap_address + increase_bytes)).step_by(4096)
                     {
                         self.ensure_page(new_address);
                     }
-                        self.heap_size += bytes as u32;
+                    self.heap_size += increase_bytes;
-                    }
-                    _ => {}
-                }
                     [
                         SyscallResultNumber::MemoryRange as i64,
                         heap_address as i64,
@@ -593,6 +669,7 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
                     ]
                     .into()
                 }
+            }
 
             Syscall::MapMemory(phys, virt, size, _flags) => {
                 // print!(
@@ -605,10 +682,7 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
                 if phys != 0 {
                     unimplemented!("Non-zero phys address");
                 }
-                let region = self
+                if let Some(region) = self.allocate_virt_region(size as usize) {
-                    .allocate_virt_region(size as usize)
-                    .expect("out of memory");
-                // println!(" -> {:08x}", region);
                     [
                         SyscallResultNumber::MemoryRange as i64,
                         region as i64,
@@ -620,6 +694,24 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
                         0,
                     ]
                     .into()
+                } else {
+                    // self.print_mmu();
+                    println!(
+                        "Couldn't find a free spot to allocate {} bytes of virtual memory, or out of memory",
+                        size as usize
+                    );
+                    [
+                        SyscallResultNumber::Error as i64,
+                        SyscallErrorNumber::OutOfMemory as i64,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                        0,
+                    ]
+                    .into()
+                }
             }
             Syscall::Connect(id) => {
                 // println!(
@@ -832,7 +924,7 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
             Syscall::UnmapMemory(address, size) => {
                 // println!("UnmapMemory({:08x}, {})", address, size);
                 for offset in (address..address + size).step_by(4096) {
-                    self.free_page(offset as u32).unwrap();
+                    self.free_virt_page(offset as u32).unwrap();
                 }
                 [SyscallResultNumber::Ok as i64, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0].into()
             }
@@ -855,10 +947,27 @@ impl riscv_cpu::cpu::Memory for Memory {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    fn translate(&self, v_address: u64) -> Option<u64> {
+        let v_address = v_address as u32;
+        let ppn = v_address & !0xfff;
+        let offset = v_address & 0xfff;
+        self.translation_cache
+            .get(&ppn)
+            .map(|x| (*x + offset) as u64)
+    }
+
+    fn reserve(&mut self, p_address: u64) -> bool {
+        self.reservations.insert(p_address as u32)
+    }
+
+    fn clear_reservation(&mut self, p_address: u64) {
+        self.reservations.remove(&(p_address as u32));
+    }
 }
 
 pub struct Machine {
-    memory: Arc<RwLock<Memory>>,
+    memory: Arc<Mutex<Memory>>,
     workers: Vec<WorkerHandle>,
     satp: u64,
     memory_cmd_sender: Sender<MemoryCommand>,
@@ -870,7 +979,7 @@ impl Machine {
     pub fn new(program: &[u8]) -> Result<Self, LoadError> {
         let (memory, memory_cmd) = Memory::new(MEMORY_BASE, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
         let memory_cmd_sender = memory.memory_cmd.clone();
-        let memory = Arc::new(RwLock::new(memory));
+        let memory = Arc::new(Mutex::new(memory));
 
         let mut machine = Self {
             memory,
@@ -900,8 +1009,7 @@ impl Machine {
             return Err(LoadError::BitSizeError);
         }
 
-        let mut memory_writer = self.memory.write().unwrap();
+        let mut memory_writer = self.memory.lock().unwrap();
-        memory_writer.turbo();
         for sh in elf.section_headers {
             if sh.sh_flags as u32 & goblin::elf::section_header::SHF_ALLOC == 0 {
                 // println!(
@@ -918,7 +1026,9 @@ impl Machine {
 
             if sh.sh_type & goblin::elf::section_header::SHT_NOBITS != 0 {
                 for addr in sh.sh_addr..(sh.sh_addr + sh.sh_size) {
-                    memory_writer.ensure_page(addr.try_into().unwrap());
+                    memory_writer
+                        .ensure_page(addr.try_into().unwrap())
+                        .expect("out of memory");
                 }
             } else {
                 memory_writer.write_bytes(
@@ -928,16 +1038,13 @@ impl Machine {
             }
         }
 
-        memory_writer.normal();
-
-        // TODO: Get memory permissions correct
-
         let satp = memory_writer.satp.into();
 
         // Ensure stack is allocated
         for page in (0xc000_0000..0xc002_0000).step_by(4096) {
-            memory_writer.ensure_page(page);
+            memory_writer.ensure_page(page).expect("out of memory");
         }
+        drop(memory_writer);
 
         cpu.write_csr(riscv_cpu::cpu::CSR_SATP_ADDRESS, satp)
             .map_err(|_| LoadError::SatpWriteError)?;

src/xous/definitions.rs

@@ -26,6 +26,38 @@ pub enum SyscallResultNumber {
     Scalar5 = 20,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]
+pub enum SyscallErrorNumber {
+    NoError = 0,
+    BadAlignment = 1,
+    BadAddress = 2,
+    OutOfMemory = 3,
+    MemoryInUse = 4,
+    InterruptNotFound = 5,
+    InterruptInUse = 6,
+    InvalidString = 7,
+    ServerExists = 8,
+    ServerNotFound = 9,
+    ProcessNotFound = 10,
+    ProcessNotChild = 11,
+    ProcessTerminated = 12,
+    Timeout = 13,
+    InternalError = 14,
+    ServerQueueFull = 15,
+    ThreadNotAvailable = 16,
+    UnhandledSyscall = 17,
+    InvalidSyscall = 18,
+    ShareViolation = 19,
+    InvalidThread = 20,
+    InvalidPID = 21,
+    UnknownError = 22,
+    AccessDenied = 23,
+    UseBeforeInit = 24,
+    DoubleFree = 25,
+    DebugInProgress = 26,
+    InvalidLimit = 27,
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum Syscall {
     Unknown([i64; 8]),

src/xous/services.rs

@@ -2,16 +2,20 @@ use std::sync::mpsc::Receiver;
 pub mod log;
 pub mod ticktimer;
 
+pub type ResponseData = ([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>);
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub enum ScalarResult {
     Scalar1(u32),
     Scalar2([u32; 2]),
     Scalar5([u32; 5]),
-    WaitForResponse(Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    WaitForResponse(Receiver<ResponseData>),
 }
 
+#[allow(dead_code)]
 pub enum LendResult {
     MemoryReturned([u32; 2]),
-    WaitForResponse(Receiver<([i64; 8], Option<(Vec<u8>, u64)>)>),
+    WaitForResponse(Receiver<ResponseData>),
 }
 
 pub trait Service {

src/xous/services/log.rs

@@ -39,10 +39,12 @@ impl Service for Log {
             let print_buffer = &buf[0..extra[1] as usize];
             // println!("Log stdout:");
             std::io::stdout().write_all(print_buffer).unwrap();
+            std::io::stdout().flush().unwrap();
         } else if opcode == LogLendOpcode::StandardError as u32 {
             let print_buffer = &buf[0..extra[1] as usize];
             // println!("Log stderr:");
             std::io::stderr().write_all(print_buffer).unwrap();
+            std::io::stderr().flush().unwrap();
         } else {
             panic!("Log lend {}: {} {:x?}", sender, opcode, buf);
         }